Dados do Resumo

Título

Epidemiological Profile of Mortality from Malignant Breast Neoplasms in the Southeast Region from 2012 to 2022

Introdução

Malignant breast neoplasm is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal breast cells leading to the formation of malignant tumors. Advanced age is the primary risk factor, followed by hormonal, behavioral, and genetic factors. Prevention includes physical activity, a healthy diet, reducing alcohol consumption, avoiding smoking, and promoting breastfeeding. In 2021, it became the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer worldwide, representing a serious health issue, especially for women.

Objetivo

Analyze the epidemiological profile of mortality from malignant breast neoplasm in the Southeast region of Brazil from 2012 to 2022.

Métodos

The study is ecological, descriptive, and retrospective. Information was collected from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) of the Ministry of Health, using data from the Mortality Information System (SIM), based on ICD-10 since 1996. Data collection was conducted using the following descriptors: Southeast region, malignant breast neoplasms, death, year of death, sex, race, age group. The selected period was from 2012 to 2022.

Resultados

During the analyzed period, 91,634 deaths from malignant breast neoplasms were recorded. The year 2022 had the highest number, with 9,485 deaths, while 2012 had the lowest, with 7,118 deaths. The white population had the highest number of deaths, with 58,863, while the indigenous population had the lowest, with 42. The age group of 60 to 69 years recorded the highest incidence, with 20,945 deaths, followed by the 50 to 59 years age group, with 20,743 deaths; the age group with the fewest deaths was under one year, with only 1 death. Among the states in the Southeast region, São Paulo had the highest number of deaths, with 47,008, followed by Rio de Janeiro, with 23,846. Espírito Santo had the lowest rate in the region, with 3,404. Regarding gender, there were 90,633 deaths among women and 995 among men.

Conclusões

In 2022, the highest death rate was among the white population aged 60 to 69 years, particularly in densely populated areas, followed by the 50 to 59 years age group. The INCA's recommendation for breast cancer screening is between the ages of 50 and 69, indicating possible low adherence to screening and late detection of neoplasms. This highlights the need for public policies that promote prevention, early diagnosis, and reduction of mortality.

Palavras Chave

Epidemiology; Breast Neoplasms